Anthropos: Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

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Zeitschrift

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714820

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714820

Persistenter Identifier:: BV043334262

Titel:: Anthropos

Untertitel:: internationale Zeitschrift für Völker- u. Sprachenkunde

Erscheinungsort:: Fribourg

Verlag:: Ed. St. Paul

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1906

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711754

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711754

Persistenter Identifier:: 1510223177592

Titel:: Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

Erscheinungsjahr:: 2006

Signatur:: LA 1118

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

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Strukturtyp:: Farbkeil

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Baessler-Archiv, Band 52 (2004) 47 Wilhelm Bauer, a German Collector and his Mexican Collections in the Museum of Ethnography, Budapest and in other Museums 1 JANOS GYARMATI, Budapest Abstract. The America Collection in the Museum of Ethnography is co-eval with the museum which was founded in 1872 as the Ethnographic Department of the Hungarian National Museum. The first period of the collection, lasting until the close of World War I, was characterised by the collection’s dynamic growth owing to the contacts established within the framework of the Aus tro-Hungarian Monarchy. The enlargement of the Mexican Collection during this period was especially striking, largely due to the activity of Wilhelm Bauer, a German collector. As an inde pendent collector with scholarly ambitions but unaffiliated with any museum, Bauer sold a total of some four thousand Mexican archeological and ethnographic objects to various European and North American museums in the first decade of the 20 th century. 1 This article is a result of a research sponsored by the National Science and Research Fund of Hun gary. The text was translat ed by Magdalena Seleanu. 2 The Hungarian National Museum was founded in 1802, its Department of Ethnography in 1872, and finally this department became the independent Museum of Ethnography in 1947. 3 I would here like to express my heartfelt gratitude to Hr. Manuela Fischer of the Ethnologisches Museum in Berlin and Dr. Doris Rurella, curator of the Linden Museum in Stutt gart, who went out of their w ay to help my research, enabling me to study both the objects themselves and the documents concerning their collectors. 4 Wilhelm Bauer’s letter, June 10,1901, Archiv des Ethnologischen Museums Berlin, File no.552/1901. 5 Karl von den Steinen’s let ter, July 21, 1901, Archiv des Ethnologischen Museums Berlin, File no. 771/1901. 6 November 26,1903, Archiv des Ethnologi schen Museums Berlin, File no.1250/903. In 1903 an earlier unknown collector’s name appeared in the documents of the Hungari an National Museum. Dr. Wilhelm (Guillermo) Bauer was a German collector living in Mexico. He was recommended to the Head of the Department of Ethnography of the Hungarian National Museum by Jenó Bánó as a person who would collect certainly ethnographical and archaeological objects in Mexico. Jenó Bánó, the recommender was a Hungarian landowner in Mexico who donated his Mexican collection to the museum (Gyarmati et al. 1997: 113; Gyarmati in press). He was one of the several Hungarians who donated their Mexican collection to the National Museum of Budapest in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Although the America collection of the Museum of Ethnography is the smallest among the non-European collections, it is practically co eval with the museum and its growth reflects the museum’s history. The first pieces were collected by János Xántus, the museum’s founder, in the 1850s and 1860s, and they were part of the first assemblage inventoried by him. 2 In this early period of the collection its emphasis was in Mexico principally thanks to the Bauer collection. But the Hungarian National Museum was not Wilhelm Bauer’s first partner. Accord ing to the correspondence in the Ethnologisches Museum of Berlin, Bauer was in con tact with this museum from 1901 to 1914, during which time the museum purchased a total of 2254 ethnographic and archaeological objects from him. He had a similar rela tion with the Linden Museum of Stuttgart between 1901-1907, to which he sold 695 objects. 3 The portrait emerging from the correspondence surviving in the two German museums and in the Museum of Ethnography in Budapest is that of an independent col lector, unaffiliated with any institution, who funded his collection activity from his own pocket and then offered the items he had acquired for sale. This is evident also from his first letter, addressed to Karl von den Steinen, curator of the Berlin museum, in which he offered for sale a collection of 120 pieces during his stay in Berlin, 4 which was duly purchased by the museum. This transaction was followed by several dozen similar ones. Von den Steinen’s reply reveals that Bauer had been living in Mexico for several years and that he had offered to collect and work for the Berlin museum if he received some funding. 5 Bauer repeatedly tried to convince the Berlin museum to employ him, but these attempts were always brushed off by claiming financial difficulties by Eduard Seler, who was appointed head of the America Department in 1904. 6 At the same time, a document signed by the museum’s director stated that Bauer was an agent and repre sentative (encargado y representante) of the Royal Museum in Berlin, commissioned

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