Anthropos: Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

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Zeitschrift

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714820

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714820

Persistenter Identifier:: BV043334262

Titel:: Anthropos

Untertitel:: internationale Zeitschrift für Völker- u. Sprachenkunde

Erscheinungsort:: Fribourg

Verlag:: Ed. St. Paul

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1906

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

Zeitschriftenband

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711754

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711754

Persistenter Identifier:: 1510223177592

Titel:: Anthropos, 101.2006+Ind.1906-2005(CD-ROM)

Erscheinungsjahr:: 2006

Signatur:: LA 1118

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Zeitschriftenheft

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenheft

Titel:: Bd. 101, 2006, Heft 1

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Zeitschriftenartikel

Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenartikel

Titel:: Economic Systems of Foraging, Agricultural, and Industrial Societies

Sonstige Person:: Dannhaeuser, Norbert

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

nthro Pos 101.2006 Berichte und Kommentare 233 elements from the global culture consciously or unconsciously. In such a global context of human life, the study of syncretism and antisyncretism, at both the conscious and unconscious levels, re quires greater scholarly attention. It is obvious that disciplinary inquiries into syncretic and antisyn- cretic processes of coherence and conflict will help us understand the cognitive, historical, and cultural processes of human life that generate coherence and conflict, and thus help in minimizing global conflicts and crises. An understanding of why or how people are “open” or “closed” to the idea and the reality of syncretism is a vital necessity, and I believe that the edited volume “Syncretism in Religion: A Reader” by Anita Maria Leopold and Jeppe Sinding Jensen is a good beginning to promote theoretical explorations and empirical research on this most important topic. References Cited Leopold, Anita Maria, and Jeppe Sinding Jensen (eds.) 2004 Syncretism in Religion: A Reader. London: Equinox Publishing. ^ a ndom House Dictionary ^66 The Random House Dictionary of the English Lan guage. New York; Random House. Economic Systems of Foraging, Agricultural, and Industrial Societies Herbert Dannhaeuser n this new book 1 Frederic Pryor provides the ^ader with an empirical foundation for the study economic systems encountered in foraging, ^cultural, and industrial societies. This work es n ot break new theoretical grounds. Instead, relates quantifiable data to theories and models a } k. ave been constructed by others. In that it is ecidedly inductive contribution to comparative Gnomics. S y s ^ e main unit of analysis is the economic e ru, those institutions that involve property rr y°r, Frederic L.: Economic Systems of Foraging, Agri- ., , Llra f and Industrial Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge diversity Press, 2005. 316 pp. ISBN 0-521-61347-7. Price: *■ 17.99. rights and the distribution of resources. In this formulation, technology, natural resources, and human capital are external to the economic system, though part of its overall economy. Pryor addresses the following issues. He hopes to discover whether there are distinct economic systems found in foraging, agricultural, and in dustrial societies; whether environmental and in stitutional contexts determine economic systems; whether economic performance is influenced by economic systems; whether there is a tendency for certain economic systems to evolve into others; finally, to determine whether specific economic systems are likely to cause societies to change from foraging to agriculture or from agriculture to industry. Methodologically this work is quantitative and comparative in nature. The author relies on the Standard Cross Cultural Sample (SCCS) of George Murdock and Douglas White in the case of prein dustrial societies; for industrial ones, the OECD serves as the source of data. To identify the var ious types of economic systems Pryor turns to the cluster analysis of property and distribution variables as they are found respectively in for aging, agricultural, and industrial societies. The author is very aware of the pitfalls such an ap proach can entail. He admits, for instance, that the samples themselves represent a bias because they are not randomly selected. Moreover, he realizes the difficulty resulting from preindustrial societies being contaminated through “contact with the West and by modem technologies and institutions ...” (23). He therefore chooses societies in which the effect of these contacts when first studied were relatively minor. He is also cautious in deriv ing correlation from causation, always indicating that even a significant association between vari ables only suggests a causal linkage, it does not prove it. On the basis of 44 foraging societies, Pryor identifies four institutions associated with distri bution: the degree of wealth inequality, existence of food sharing, importance of trade, and the presence of taxation/tribute. With respect to prop erty, he identifies six institutions: possession of land, private food stock, slavery, inheritance ar rangements, marriage wealth transfers, and “own ership” of intangibles (such as of healing pow ers). A cluster analysis reveals that six econom ic systems can be identified among forager. One of them (consisting of six societies, such as the !Kung of Namibia and Soriono of Brazil) consti tutes the classic foragers type in which sharing is emphasized. A transitional foragers type (e.g.,

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