Jahrbuch für Volkskunde und Kulturgeschichte: Jahrbuch für Volkskunde und Kulturgeschichte, 6=21.1978

Sociologus, N.F. 21.1971

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschrift

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714814

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-714814

Persistenter Identifier:: BV044347945

Titel:: Baessler-Archiv

Untertitel:: Beiträge zur Völkerkunde

ISSN:: 0005-3856

Erscheinungsort:: Berlin

Verlag:: Reimer

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1910

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Wissensgebiet:: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie > Allgemeines

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenband

Werks-URN (URL):: https://digi.evifa.de/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711492

URN:: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-711492

Persistenter Identifier:: 1500547393141

Titel:: Baessler-Archiv, 14/15.1930/32

Erscheinungsjahr:: 1932

Signatur:: LA 1255

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenheft

Titel:: Bd. 14, 1930, Heft 4

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

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Strukturtyp:: Zeitschriftenartikel

Titel:: Ein Kalender aus Bali (Tika)

Sonstige Person:: Maass, Alfred

Sammlung:: Zeitschriften und Zeitungen > Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie

Approaches to the Study of Social Change and Zambia 119 revelation of social processes. There is also a third task. Though the material and approaches which will be mentioned relate to Central Africa they have direct implications for the study of social change in Wales and other countries. More specifically, the tasks of this paper are to reexamine a few of the issues raised in the studies of industrial isation and nationbuilding. But as the levels of analysis at which each of these phenomena will be considered vary it is first necessary to men tion some of the considerations involved at the two main levels of analysis — societal and social. Levels of Social Analysis It is useful to heed Mitchell (1966:44—48) and distinguish the histori cal or processive changes of and among parts of social systems from the behaviour which follows participation in different social situations. The latter can be known as situational changes. The behaviour of indi viduals, that is, must be explained directly in terms of the pressures exerted on them by the situation in which they are located and not by alterations among the variables which operate in wider societal systems. Society, its situations, and people are analytically distinct. It is untenable to explain the primary sources of behaviour in situation B either by reference to situation A or the variables involved in proces sive change. Thus the starting point for the analysis of urbanism in Wales or Germany must be urban situations of relationships and not the possible rural origins of Welshmen in Swansea or Germans in the Ruhr. This particular dichotomy is, however, but a single variable and in determining the primary sources of behaviour — that is the situational imperatives — other variables such as the racial cleavage between Europeans and Africans in colonial Zambia must also be taken into account (Parkin, 1969:185). Similarly, the activities of nurses and sur geons in a hospital cannot be explained in terms of external pressures — national standards of qualifications, ministerial proposals for the restructuring of health services, or the announcement by a pharma ceutical firm of a new drug — but require elucidation by reference to the internal imperatives of the hospital situation. The investigator of individual adaptation must assume, and not for this purpose study, the extrinsic factors (Southall, 1961:5) or external imperatives (Mitchell, 1966:49—50) which created the situation within which his informants are located and devoted himself to these relationships; likewise, pro cessive changes cannot be wholly accounted for by reference to situ ational changes. These assertions are heuristically tenable, though they are not literally true. In Central Africa the study of situational change, and its theoretical implications such as situational selection (Mitchell, 1964: viii—xiv;

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Volltext: Sociologus, N.F. 21.1971

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